LCD ile Park Sensörü Yapımı

Projenin Amacı:

• HC-SR04 mesafe sensörü ile araca yakınlık ölçülür.
• Ölçüm sonucu LCD ekranda gösterilir.
• Mesafe azaldıkça:
  • LED’ler sırayla yanar (yeşil → sarı → kırmızı),
  • Çok yaklaşılırsa buzzer öter.

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Gerekli Malzemeler:

Malzeme	Adet
Arduino UNO	1
HC-SR04 Ultrasonik Sensör	1
LCD Ekran (I2C’li)	1
10k Potansiyometre	1
Buzzer	1
LED (Yeşil, Sarı, Kırmızı)	3
220 ohm direnç	3
Jumper kablo	—
Breadboard	1

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Bağlantılar:

LCD (I2C)

LCD Pini	Arduino Pini
GND	GND
VCC	5V
SDA	A4
SCL	A5

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HC-SR04 Ultrasonik Sensör

HC-SR04 Pini	Arduino Pini
VCC	5V
GND	GND
Trig	D7
Echo	D6

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LED’ler ve Buzzer

Parça	Arduino Pini
Yeşil LED	D5
Sarı LED	D4
Kırmızı LED	D3
Buzzer	D2

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Arduino Kodu:

#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

const int trigPin = 7;
const int echoPin = 6;
const int greenLED = 5;
const int yellowLED = 4;
const int redLED = 3;
const int buzzer = 2;

long sure;
int mesafe;

void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  
  pinMode(greenLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(yellowLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(redLED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(buzzer, OUTPUT);

  lcd.begin();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("Park Sensoru");
  delay(1000);
}

void loop() {
  // Ultrasonik ölçüm
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  sure = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
  mesafe = sure * 0.034 / 2;

  // LCD gösterim
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("Mesafe: ");
  lcd.print(mesafe);
  lcd.print(" cm");

  // LED ve buzzer kontrol
  if (mesafe > 30) {
    digitalWrite(greenLED, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(yellowLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(redLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
  }
  else if (mesafe > 15 && mesafe <= 30) {
    digitalWrite(greenLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(yellowLED, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(redLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(buzzer, LOW);
  }
  else {
    digitalWrite(greenLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(yellowLED, LOW);
    digitalWrite(redLED, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(buzzer, HIGH); // Çok yakınsa uyar
  }

  delay(300);
}

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Nasıl Çalışır?

• 60 cm üstü: Hiçbir LED yanmaz (güvende).
• 40–60cm: Yeşil LED yanar.
• 20–40cm: Sarı LED yanar.
• 0–20cm: Kırmızı LED + Buzzer (tehlikeli yakınlık!).

MBlock Kodu

Tinkercad Kodu

// C++ code
//

include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

int distanceThreshold = 0;

int distanceThreshold = 0;

int cm = 0;

int inches = 0;

int mesafe = 0;

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd_1(32, 16, 2);

long readUltrasonicDistance(int triggerPin, int echoPin)
{
pinMode(triggerPin, OUTPUT); // Clear the trigger
digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
// Sets the trigger pin to HIGH state for 10 microseconds
digitalWrite(triggerPin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
// Reads the echo pin, and returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds
return pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
}

void setup()
{
lcd_1.init();
pinMode(3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(4, OUTPUT);
pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
pinMode(2, OUTPUT);
}

void loop()
{
mesafe = 0.01723 * readUltrasonicDistance(6, 7);
if (mesafe < 20) { digitalWrite(3, HIGH); digitalWrite(4, LOW); digitalWrite(5, LOW); tone(2, 523, 300); // play tone 60 (C5 = 523 Hz) lcd_1.print(mesafe); } if (mesafe >= 20 && mesafe <= 40) { digitalWrite(3, LOW); digitalWrite(4, HIGH); digitalWrite(5, LOW); } if (mesafe >= 40 && mesafe <= 60) { digitalWrite(3, LOW); digitalWrite(4, LOW); digitalWrite(5, HIGH); } if (mesafe > 60) {
digitalWrite(3, LOW);
digitalWrite(4, LOW);
digitalWrite(5, LOW);
}
delay(10); // Delay a little bit to improve simulation performance
}